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Quality of life (QOL) is the general well-being of individuals and societies. QOL has a wide range of contexts, including the fields of international development, healthcare, politics and employment. It is important not to mix up the concept of QOL with a more recent growing area of health related QOL (HRQOL). When we look at HRQOL we in effect look at QOL and its relationship with health. Quality of life should not be confused with the concept of standard of living, which is based primarily on income. ==Overview== Standard indicators of the quality of life include not only wealth and employment but also the built environment, physical and mental health, education, recreation and leisure time, and social belonging.〔Martha Nussbaum and Amartya Sen, ed. (1993). ''The Quality of Life'', Oxford: Clarendon Press. Description and chapter-preview (links. )〕 According to ecological economist Robert Costanza: One approach, called engaged theory, outlined in the journal of ''Applied Research in the Quality of Life'', posits four domains in assessing quality of life: ecology, economics, politics and culture. In the domain of culture, for example, it includes the following subdomains of quality of life: * Identity and engagement * Creativity and recreation * Memory and projection * Belief and ideas * Gender and generations * Enquiry and learning * Wellbeing and health Also frequently related are concepts such as freedom, human rights, and happiness. However, since happiness is subjective and difficult to measure, other measures are generally given priority. It has also been shown that happiness, as much as it can be measured, does not necessarily increase correspondingly with the comfort that results from increasing income. As a result, standard of living should not be taken to be a measure of happiness.〔 Also sometimes considered related is the concept of human security, though the latter may be considered at a more basic level and for all people. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「quality of life」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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